51. Cabo Verde
The Republic of Cape Verde (
i /ˌkeɪp ˈvɜrd/; Portuguese: Cabo Verde, pronounced [ˈkabu ˈveɾd]; Kabuverdianu: Kabu Verd) is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa.
i /ˌkeɪp ˈvɜrd/; Portuguese: Cabo Verde, pronounced [ˈkabu ˈveɾd]; Kabuverdianu: Kabu Verd) is an island country, spanning an archipelago of 10 islands located in the central Atlantic Ocean, 570 kilometres off the coast of Western Africa.
52. Cayman Island
The Cayman Islands, a British Overseas Territory located in the western Caribbean Sea, came under British control in 1670, as a dependency of Jamaica, continuing in that status until 1962.The Caymans had no regular postal system until April 1889, when stamps of Jamaica came into use. There two known postmarks, "GRAND CAYMAN" for George Town, and "CAYMAN BRAC", used at Stake Bay.[1] Jamaican stamps were valid until 19 February 1901.
53. Chad
Chad is a landlocked country in central Africa bordered by Libya to the north, Sudan to the east, the Central African Republic to the south, Cameroon andNigeria to the southwest, and Niger to the west. Chad is divided into three major geographical regions: a desert zone in the north, an arid Sahelian belt in the centre and a more fertile Sudanese savanna zone in the south.
hile has produced stamps for national use since 1853. [1]The first issues had Colon Chile written on them.
he history of the postage stamps and postal history of China is complicated by the gradual decay of Imperial China and the years of civil war and Japanese occupation in the 1930s and 1940s.
The Territory of Christmas Island is a territory of Australia in the Indian Ocean. It is located 2,600 kilometres (1,600 mi) northwest of the Western Australian city of Perth, 360 km (220 mi) south of the Indonesian capital, Jakarta, and 975 km (606 mi) ENE of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands.
The postage stamps and postal history of the Cocos (Keeling) Islands is linked to those of the two British colonies and of Australia to which the Indian Ocean archipelago was successively attached.
58. Commoros
60. Cook Islands
The Cook Islands /ˈkʊk ˈaɪləndz/ (
listen) (Cook Islands Māori: Kūki 'Āirani)[3] is a self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. The 15 small islands in this South Pacific Ocean country have a total land area of 240 square kilometres (92.7 sq mi), but the Cook IslandsExclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1,800,000 square kilometres (690,000 sq mi) of ocean.[4]
The postage stamps and postal history of the Comoro Islands is an overview of the postage stamps and postal history of the Comoro Islands, an Indian Ocean archipelago located on the south-east side of Africa.The postal service was linked to France during the colonization, who began in Mayotte in the 1840s. Successively, Mayotte's inhabitants and of Anjouan, Grande Comore et Mohéli used stamps specific to each of these islands. In 1912, the archipelago was administratively and postally united to the colony of Madagascar.
59. Colombia
Colombia is a country in north-western South America. Colombia is bordered by Venezuela, Brazil, Ecuador, Peru, Panama and the Caribbean Sea and thePacific Ocean. With a population of over 45 million people, Colombia has the second largest population in South America, after Brazil. The capital is Bogotá.
The Cook Islands /ˈkʊk ˈaɪləndz/ (
listen) (Cook Islands Māori: Kūki 'Āirani)[3] is a self-governing parliamentary democracy in free association with New Zealand. The 15 small islands in this South Pacific Ocean country have a total land area of 240 square kilometres (92.7 sq mi), but the Cook IslandsExclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) covers 1,800,000 square kilometres (690,000 sq mi) of ocean.[4]
Republic of the Congo, a former French colony known as Middle Congo or French Congo, and now often know simply as The Congo. The Republic of the Congo is a country in central Africa bordered by Gabon, Cameroon, the Central African Republic, the Democratic Republic of the Congo(formerly known as Zaire), the Angolan exclave province of Cabinda, and the Gulf of Guinea.
62. Curacao
Curaçao (
/ˈkʊərəsaʊ/; Dutch: Curaçao, [kyrɑˈsɔu̯];[2] Papiamentu: Kòrsou) is an island in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the Venezuelan coast. TheCountry of Curaçao (Dutch: Land Curaçao,[3] Papiamentu: Pais Kòrsou[4]), which includes the main island plus the small, uninhabited island of Klein Curaçao ("Little Curaçao"), is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Its capital is Willemstad.
63. Cyprus
The country's postal history is intricately linked to the island's political past. Postal services existed during the Venetian and Ottoman periods of occupation however the first printed postage stamps appeared after the start of the British occupation in 1878. The first postage stamps issued were identical to the same stmaps issued in Britain but overprinted with CYPRUS. Later issues of stamps included local themes with the British monarch's depiction in the upper corners.
64. Cyreineca
Cyrenaica is the eastern coastal region of Libya and also an ex-province or state ("muhafazah" or "wilayah") of the country (alongside Tripolitania andFezzan) in the pre-1963 administrative system. What used to be Cyrenaica in the old system is now divided up into several "shabiyat" (see administrative divisions in Libya). In addition to the coastal region, i.e. historical Cyrenaica, the former province, during the Kingdom and the Italian era extended to the south to include the entire eastern section of the country.
65. Ceska Republik
The first stamps of the Czech Republic were issued on 20 January 1993 after the former Czechoslovakia was split into the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic from 1 January 1993. Before then, stamps of the Czechoslovak Republic were in use and were still valid until 30 September 1993. Stamps of the Czech Republic are marked Česká republika.[1]
66. Ceskolovensko
Czechoslovakia was a country in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992. From 1939 to 1945 the state did not have de facto existence, due to its forced division and partial incorporation into Nazi Germany, but theCzechoslovak government-in-exile nevertheless continued to exist during this time period. On 1 January 1993 Czechoslovakia peacefully split into theCzech Republic and Slovakia.
67. Cote d'ivore
68. Dahomey
Dahomey was a country in west Africa in what is now the Republic of Benin. The Kingdom of Dahomey was a powerful west African state that was founded in the seventeenth century and survived until 1894. From 1894 until 1960 Dahomey was a part of French West Africa. The independentRepublic of Dahomey existed from 1960 to 1975. In 1975, the country was re-named "The People's Republic of Benin" after the Bight of Benin (not the unrelated historical Kingdom of Benin) since "Benin," unlike "Dahomey," was deemed politically neutral for all ethnic groups in the state.[2]
69. Djibouti
70/.Dominica
71. Republica Dominicana
The Dominican Republic became independent from Spain in 1865 and produced its own stamps from that date. [1]
72. Dubai
Dubai (Arabic: دبيّ Dubeii; IPA: [du'beii]; English pronunciation: /duːˈbaɪ/ doo-by) is a city which is the seat of one of seven emirates, also sharing the name, of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The emirate is located south of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula and has the largest population with the second-largest land territory by area of all the emirates, after Abu Dhabi.[4] Dubai and Abu Dhabi are the only two emirates to have veto power over critical matters of national importance in the country's legislature.[5] Dubai City is located on the emirate's northern coastline.
73. Ecuador
cuador (i/ˈɛkwədɔr/), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador; pronounced [reˈpuβlika ðel ekwaˈðor], which literally translates to the Republic of the Equator) is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border withBrazil. The country also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland.
74. Egypt
75. El Salvador
El Salvador became independent from Spain in 1838. It has produced its own stamps since 1867. [1]
76. Equatorial Guinea
Equatorial Guinea, formerly known as Spanish Guinea. The first stamps of Spanish Guinea were issued in 1902.[1]
77. Eritrea
Eritrea is a country in the North East of Africa. The capital is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Its size is just under 118,000 km2 (45,560 sq mi) with an estimated population of 5 million.
78. Estonia
79. Ethiopia
As part of the 1867-8 invasion that culminated in the Battle of Magdala, the British established a field post office at Massawa (then a port of Ethiopia) in November 1867, using stamps of British India. The territory of Harar was taken by Egypt in 1875, and in the following year a post office was established; letters from there used Egyptian stamps canceled with a maltese cross.
80. Falkland Islands
Early mail service depended on occasional calls by ships connecting to the Brazil packet via Montevideo; the earliest recorded letter dates from 28 January 1827. From 1852 to 1880 a schooner (either a government boat or a contractor) called about every two months. In October 1877, the Secretary of State of the Colonial Office, the Earl of Carnarvon began the process of application for the Falkland Islands to join theGeneral Postal Union (renamed Universal Postal Union in 1879).
81. Rhodesia and Nyasaland
82. Fezzan and Ghadames
83. Fiji
Fiji is an island nation in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about 2,000km northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is a former british colony.
84. Finland
In the war of 1808-1809, Russian troops conquered Finland. The country had formerly belonged to Sweden and was annexed to the Russian empire at the Peace Treaty of Hamina on September 17th, 1809. Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire. The Russian Tsar Alexander I(1801-1825) promised that Finland could uphold the existing religion, the basic laws and privileges of the social order.
85. Fiume
87. French Indo-Chine
French Indochina (French: Indochine française; Vietnamese: Đông Dương thuộc Pháp, pronounced [ɗoŋm zɰəŋ tʰuə̀k fǎp], frequently abbreviated to Đông Pháp) was part of the French colonial empire in southeast Asia. A federation of the three Vietnamese regions, Tonkin (North), Annam(Central), and Cochinchina (South), as well as Cambodia, was formed in 1887.
88. Congo
French Congo was the original French colony established in the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African Republic. It began in 1880 as a protectorate, and its borders with Cabinda, Cameroons, and the Congo Free State were established by treaties over the next decade.
89. African Equatorial Francaise
French Equatorial Africa (French: Afrique équatoriale française) or the AEF was the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, extending northwards from the Congo River to the Sahara Desert.
90. Guyane Francaise
French Guiana (French: Guyane française, IPA: [ɡɥijan fʁɑ̃sɛz]; officially just Guyane) is an overseas region of France, consisting of a single overseas department (French: département d'outre-mer, or DOM) located on the northern Atlantic coast of South America. It has borders with two nations, Brazilto the east and south, and Suriname to the west.
91. African Occidentale Francaise
92. Polynese Francaise
Polynese Francaise formerly known as the French Oceanic Settlements.[1]
93. St. Pierre Mcquelon
94. Afrique Occidentale Francaise - Senegal
95. Fujeira
Fujairah (Arabic: الفجيرة Al Fuǧaira) is one of the seven emirates that make up the United Arab Emirates, and the only one on the Gulf of Oman in the country's east instead of Persian Gulf (the other six emirates).
96. Nouvelle Caledonie
New Caledonia[4] (French: officially: Nouvelle-Calédonie; colloquially: (la) Calédonie; popular nickname: (le) Caillou), is a special collectivity of France. It is located in the subregion of Melanesia in the southwest Pacific.
97. Soudan Francaise
(Soudan Francais) was established in the late nineteenth century and occupied roughly the same territory as modern Mali.[1] Later, various constituent parts were separated by the French colonial authorities and subsequently rejoined again and the territory became known as French West Africawith stamps marked Afrique Occidentale Française.
98. Francaise India
French India is a general name for the former French possessions in India (French: établissements français de l'Inde.) These included Pondichéry(now Puducherry), Karikal and Yanaon (now Yañam) on the Coromandel Coast, Mahé on the Malabar coast, and Chandannagar in Bengal. In addition there were lodges (loges) located at Machilipatnam, Kozhikode and Surat, but they were merely nominal remnants of French factories.
99. Francaise Togo
French Togoland (French: Le Togoland français) was a France Mandate territory in West Africa, which later became the Togolese Republic.
Curaçao (
/ˈkʊərəsaʊ/; Dutch: Curaçao, [kyrɑˈsɔu̯];[2] Papiamentu: Kòrsou) is an island in the southern Caribbean Sea, off the Venezuelan coast. TheCountry of Curaçao (Dutch: Land Curaçao,[3] Papiamentu: Pais Kòrsou[4]), which includes the main island plus the small, uninhabited island of Klein Curaçao ("Little Curaçao"), is a constituent country of the Kingdom of the Netherlands. Its capital is Willemstad.
The country's postal history is intricately linked to the island's political past. Postal services existed during the Venetian and Ottoman periods of occupation however the first printed postage stamps appeared after the start of the British occupation in 1878. The first postage stamps issued were identical to the same stmaps issued in Britain but overprinted with CYPRUS. Later issues of stamps included local themes with the British monarch's depiction in the upper corners.
Cyrenaica is the eastern coastal region of Libya and also an ex-province or state ("muhafazah" or "wilayah") of the country (alongside Tripolitania andFezzan) in the pre-1963 administrative system. What used to be Cyrenaica in the old system is now divided up into several "shabiyat" (see administrative divisions in Libya). In addition to the coastal region, i.e. historical Cyrenaica, the former province, during the Kingdom and the Italian era extended to the south to include the entire eastern section of the country.
The first stamps of the Czech Republic were issued on 20 January 1993 after the former Czechoslovakia was split into the Slovak Republic and the Czech Republic from 1 January 1993. Before then, stamps of the Czechoslovak Republic were in use and were still valid until 30 September 1993. Stamps of the Czech Republic are marked Česká republika.[1]
Czechoslovakia was a country in Central Europe which existed from October 1918, when it declared its independence from the Austro-Hungarian Empire, until 1992. From 1939 to 1945 the state did not have de facto existence, due to its forced division and partial incorporation into Nazi Germany, but theCzechoslovak government-in-exile nevertheless continued to exist during this time period. On 1 January 1993 Czechoslovakia peacefully split into theCzech Republic and Slovakia.
Cota d'ivore or the Ivory Coast, is a country in West Africa established as a French colony in 1893, and becoming independent in 1960.The French established trading posts during several time periods, but the first post office, San Pédro, dates from 1847, with Grand Bassam, Jacqueville, and Assinie getting offices in 1890.[1] The first use of postage stamps was at Assinie from 1862, where the French Colonies general issues were available. The cancellation was an "ASI" in a lozenge of dots. The colony received its own stamps in November 1892, just a few months prior to formal establishment.
Dahomey was a country in west Africa in what is now the Republic of Benin. The Kingdom of Dahomey was a powerful west African state that was founded in the seventeenth century and survived until 1894. From 1894 until 1960 Dahomey was a part of French West Africa. The independentRepublic of Dahomey existed from 1960 to 1975. In 1975, the country was re-named "The People's Republic of Benin" after the Bight of Benin (not the unrelated historical Kingdom of Benin) since "Benin," unlike "Dahomey," was deemed politically neutral for all ethnic groups in the state.[2]
Djibouti, known as the French Territory of the Afars and Issas before independence, and asFrench Somaliland before that.Djibouti is a country in the Horn of Africa, bordered by Eritrea to the north, Ethiopia to the west and south, and Somalia to the southeast. The remainder of the border is formed by the Red Sea and the Gulf of Aden.
Dominica, an island nation in the Caribbean Sea. Claimed by France in the 17th century, it was later awarded to Great Britain, becoming independent in 1978.Until December 31, 1939, Dominica was one of the Leeward Islands; it was then transferred to the Windward Islands.
The Dominican Republic became independent from Spain in 1865 and produced its own stamps from that date. [1]
Dubai (Arabic: دبيّ Dubeii; IPA: [du'beii]; English pronunciation: /duːˈbaɪ/ doo-by) is a city which is the seat of one of seven emirates, also sharing the name, of the United Arab Emirates (UAE). The emirate is located south of the Persian Gulf on the Arabian Peninsula and has the largest population with the second-largest land territory by area of all the emirates, after Abu Dhabi.[4] Dubai and Abu Dhabi are the only two emirates to have veto power over critical matters of national importance in the country's legislature.[5] Dubai City is located on the emirate's northern coastline.
cuador (
i/ˈɛkwədɔr/), officially the Republic of Ecuador (Spanish: República del Ecuador; pronounced [reˈpuβlika ðel ekwaˈðor], which literally translates to the Republic of the Equator) is a representative democratic republic in South America, bordered by Colombia on the north, Peru on the east and south, and by the Pacific Ocean to the west. It is one of only two countries in South America, along with Chile, that do not have a border withBrazil. The country also includes the Galápagos Islands in the Pacific, about 1,000 kilometres (620 mi) west of the mainland.
Carlo Meratti, an Italian, set up the first postal system in Egypt in 1821. This was a private enterprise which in 1842 was named "POSTA EUROPEA". The Egyptian Government, in 1857, sanctioned it to carry on all inland postal services. This concession was purchased by the Egyptian Government and on 1 January 1865 it took control of this service. This service was renamed to "POSTE VICE-REALI EGIZIAN".[2][3] First Egyptian stamps were issued on 1 January 1866. Egypt joined the UPU in 1875.
El Salvador became independent from Spain in 1838. It has produced its own stamps since 1867. [1]
Equatorial Guinea, formerly known as Spanish Guinea. The first stamps of Spanish Guinea were issued in 1902.[1]
Eritrea is a country in the North East of Africa. The capital is Asmara. It is bordered by Sudan in the west, Ethiopia in the south, and Djibouti in the southeast. The east and northeast of the country have an extensive coastline on the Red Sea, directly across from Saudi Arabia and Yemen. The Dahlak Archipelago and several of the Hanish Islands are part of Eritrea. Its size is just under 118,000 km2 (45,560 sq mi) with an estimated population of 5 million.
The stamps of Estonia are issued by the postal administration Eesti Post(Estonian: Eesti Post) which is the country's only provider of universal postal services.[1]In 1625, mainland Estonia came entirely under Swedish Empire rule. Estonia was administratively divided between the provinces of Estonia (in the north) and Livonia (in southern Estonia and northern Latvia), a division which persisted until the early 20th century.[2]
As part of the 1867-8 invasion that culminated in the Battle of Magdala, the British established a field post office at Massawa (then a port of Ethiopia) in November 1867, using stamps of British India. The territory of Harar was taken by Egypt in 1875, and in the following year a post office was established; letters from there used Egyptian stamps canceled with a maltese cross.
Early mail service depended on occasional calls by ships connecting to the Brazil packet via Montevideo; the earliest recorded letter dates from 28 January 1827. From 1852 to 1880 a schooner (either a government boat or a contractor) called about every two months. In October 1877, the Secretary of State of the Colonial Office, the Earl of Carnarvon began the process of application for the Falkland Islands to join theGeneral Postal Union (renamed Universal Postal Union in 1879).
The Federation of Rhodesia and Nyasaland, also known as the Central African Federation (CAF), was a semi-independent state in southern Africa that existed from 1953 to the end of 1963.The state comprised the former self-governing (since 1923) Colony of Southern Rhodesia and the British protectorates of Northern Rhodesia, andNyasaland. The Federation officially ended on 31 December 1963, when Northern Rhodesia gained independence from the United Kingdom as the new nation of Zambia and Nyasaland gained independence as the new nation of Malawi. Southern Rhodesia then became known as Rhodesia and is nowZimbabwe.
Fezzan and Ghadames, both now part of Libya. Fezzan is a south-western region of modern Libya. It is largely desert but broken by mountains, uplands, and dry river valleys (wadis) in the north, where oases enable ancient towns and villages to survive deep in the otherwise inhospitable Sahara.
Fiji is an island nation in Melanesia in the South Pacific Ocean about 2,000km northeast of New Zealand's North Island. It is a former british colony.
In the war of 1808-1809, Russian troops conquered Finland. The country had formerly belonged to Sweden and was annexed to the Russian empire at the Peace Treaty of Hamina on September 17th, 1809. Finland became an autonomous Grand Duchy of the Russian Empire. The Russian Tsar Alexander I(1801-1825) promised that Finland could uphold the existing religion, the basic laws and privileges of the social order.
After World War I, the city of Fiume (now Rijeka, Croatia) was claimed by both the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes and Italy. While its status was unresolved, its postal system was operated by a variety of occupation forces and local governments.
French Indochina (French: Indochine française; Vietnamese: Đông Dương thuộc Pháp, pronounced [ɗoŋm zɰəŋ tʰuə̀k fǎp], frequently abbreviated to Đông Pháp) was part of the French colonial empire in southeast Asia. A federation of the three Vietnamese regions, Tonkin (North), Annam(Central), and Cochinchina (South), as well as Cambodia, was formed in 1887.
French Congo was the original French colony established in the present-day area of the Republic of the Congo, Gabon, and the Central African Republic. It began in 1880 as a protectorate, and its borders with Cabinda, Cameroons, and the Congo Free State were established by treaties over the next decade.
French Equatorial Africa (French: Afrique équatoriale française) or the AEF was the federation of French colonial possessions in Middle Africa, extending northwards from the Congo River to the Sahara Desert.
French Guiana (French: Guyane française, IPA: [ɡɥijan fʁɑ̃sɛz]; officially just Guyane) is an overseas region of France, consisting of a single overseas department (French: département d'outre-mer, or DOM) located on the northern Atlantic coast of South America. It has borders with two nations, Brazilto the east and south, and Suriname to the west.
French West Africa (French: Afrique occidentale française, AOF) was a federation of eight French colonial territories in Africa: Mauritania,Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Dahomey (nowBenin) and Niger. The federation was formed of individual coastal colonies the French had first seized as trading posts in the 17th and 18th centuries.
Polynese Francaise formerly known as the French Oceanic Settlements.[1]
The Territorial Collectivity of Saint-Pierre and Miquelon (French: Collectivité territoriale de Saint-Pierre-et-Miquelon, French pronunciation: [sɛ̃ pjɛʁ e mikˈlɔ̃]) is a group of small French islands in the North Atlantic Ocean, the main islands being Saint-Pierre and Miquelon, south of the Canadian province ofNewfoundland and Labrador. The islands are as close as 10 kilometres (5.4 nmi; 6.2 mi) from Green Island, part of Newfoundland.
French West Africa (French: Afrique occidentale française, AOF) was a federation of eight French colonial territories in Africa: Mauritania,Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Dahomey (nowBenin) and Niger. The federation was formed of individual coastal colonies the French had first seized as trading posts in the 17th and 18th centuries.
95. Fujeira
Fujairah (Arabic: الفجيرة Al Fuǧaira) is one of the seven emirates that make up the United Arab Emirates, and the only one on the Gulf of Oman in the country's east instead of Persian Gulf (the other six emirates).
New Caledonia[4] (French: officially: Nouvelle-Calédonie; colloquially: (la) Calédonie; popular nickname: (le) Caillou), is a special collectivity of France. It is located in the subregion of Melanesia in the southwest Pacific.
(Soudan Francais) was established in the late nineteenth century and occupied roughly the same territory as modern Mali.[1] Later, various constituent parts were separated by the French colonial authorities and subsequently rejoined again and the territory became known as French West Africawith stamps marked Afrique Occidentale Française.
French India is a general name for the former French possessions in India (French: établissements français de l'Inde.) These included Pondichéry(now Puducherry), Karikal and Yanaon (now Yañam) on the Coromandel Coast, Mahé on the Malabar coast, and Chandannagar in Bengal. In addition there were lodges (loges) located at Machilipatnam, Kozhikode and Surat, but they were merely nominal remnants of French factories.
French Togoland (French: Le Togoland français) was a France Mandate territory in West Africa, which later became the Togolese Republic.
100. Afrique Occidentale Francaise - Niger
French West Africa (French: Afrique occidentale française, AOF) was a federation of eight French colonial territories in Africa: Mauritania,Senegal, French Sudan (now Mali), French Guinea (now Guinea), Côte d'Ivoire (Ivory Coast), Upper Volta (now Burkina Faso), Dahomey (nowBenin) and Niger. The federation was formed of individual coastal colonies the French had first seized as trading posts in the 17th and 18th centuries.
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